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সিএসআইআর - সেন্ট্রাল মেকানিক্যাল ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিং রিসার্চ ইনস্টিটিউট, বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি মন্ত্রণালয়, ভারত সরকার सीएसआईआर - केंद्रीय यांत्रिक अभियांत्रिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान, विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी मंत्रालय, भारत सरकार CSIR - Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Ministry of S&T, Govt. of India
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Last updated : 11 Jul, 2024

Electric Tiller

Type:  Product
IPR Status:  Patent
Secured In:  India
Application/uses: 

Approximately 28% of world’s population is engaged in agriculture related activities. Around 935 million people have been found to be involved in agricultural activities, 2/3rd of which are from Asia alone. In India the agricultural and allied sector has a contribution of 15.9% to the GDP and more than 50% of the workforce is employed in the same (Planning Commission and National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO)). Mechanization of farming related activities in India stands between 40 to 45% as compared to that of developed countries which have achieved above 90% mechanization. It has been planned to increase the availability of farm power from 2.02 kW/ha (2016- 2017) to 4.0 kW/ha by the end of 2030. With better rural and urban electrification as well as solar infrastructure, there is a need for electric alternative to diesel/petrol powered farm machinery. As per the different agriculture censuses, 68%, 18%, 9% and 4% land holdings lie in marginal, small, semi-medium and medium scale farm categories respectively. The farmers having such small to average size holdings are unable to generate much income or profit through farming activities. Thus, their ability to invest in mechanized farm equipment is less due to high capital as well as maintenance cost. With this motivation, the electric tiller technology was designed and developed to address the small to medium scale farm operations such as tilling, weeding, water pumping, ridge making and material transportation. The developed electric tiller technology provides an electric alternative to the conventional ICE powered (petrol/diesel) tillers. The vehicle architecture of the electric tiller was designed so as to achieve better effectiveness during tilling operations using rotavator blades. The developed battery pack with casing and vibration dampers was designed to provide the vehicle’s center of gravity above the rotavator shaft for achieving appropriate weeding depth. The motor mounting flange and coupling was designed to address proper weight distribution and reduction in vibrations. The battery pack is easy to mount and un-mount, which facilitates the user to charge it at desired locations through fast charging or solar CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute M.G.Avenue, Durgapur-713209, WB based charging solutions too. The clutch-less operation and electronic thumb throttle makes the electric tiller, easy to use in the field. The handle is also equipped with electronic motor brake lever and reverse switch lever, which makes it easy to control the tiller during on road /off road applications. An MCB has been provided for switching the power supply on & off. Also a state of charge display has been installed to provide the battery voltage during no-load conditions. The rear hitch of the tiller is compatible with a wide range of implements such as ridger, plough and cultivators. Rotavator for tilling/weeding, iron wheel for ploughing attachments can be secured on the standard 26 mm hexagonal shaft. The power take-off shaft is directly coupled with the motor shaft to provide high speed operation with centrifugal water pump (2 in inlet and outlet). A trolley with seat can be attached to the electric tiller for material transportation purposes of up to 500 kg. The indigenously developed electric tiller is a 100% pure electric power weeder for small to medium scale farm operations.

Salient Technical Competing Features: 

Detail Technical Specifications:

  • Rotary type: Front
  • Motor: BLDC motor
  • Battery type: LiFePO4 cylindrical cell (3C Rated)
  • Battery Pack: 48 V, 30 Ah, with vibration damping pads and mild steel casing
  • Transmission: Manual 2 speed gear box suitable for weeding/tilling operation using rotary blades and on-road application
  • PTO: 1:1 output from motor to PTO shaft
  • Wheel: 4.00 x 8 size tyre
  • Acoustic noise: 75 dB max
  • Hand-Arm vibrations: 0.5 m/s2 max (horizontal direction)
  •                                    0.27 m/s2 max (vertical direction)
  • Rotary blades: Max 32 blades (width of cut: 1100 mm)
  • Area coverage: 0.1 Ha/hr for tillage application
  • Max on-road speed: 10 km/h

Salient Features (if applicable):

  • The developed electric tiller offers compatibility with various implements used in farming activities such as:

    • Two side ridger
    • Single side ridger
    • Two side height adjustable ridger
    • Three row ridger
    • Iron wheel
    • Rotavator
    • Three tine cultivator
    • Water pump
    • Trolley with seat (500 kg max.)
  • The battery pack of the electric tiller can be easily removed from the vehicle and charged at desired location through AC chargers as well as solar chargers.
  • The battery pack can be fast charged in 1.5 hours
  • Electric tiller offers pollution free operation in the field as well as on the road.
  • Significantly lower acoustic noise during operation as compared to IC engine operated tillers.
  • Negligible hand arm vibrations due to absence of ICE in the developed electric tiller.
  • Optimized battery pack layout and architecture offers even distribution of vehicles weight, which in turn improves the field performance in the field.
  • Clutch-less operation makes the tiller easy to operate in the field with lesser losses as compared to the IC engine powered tillers.
  • Better weight distribution with all essential components for the electric drive train, the electric tiller ensures lesser loads on the operator’s hands during the field operation with single axle.
  • Since the user need not engage and disengage the clutch multiple times during field operations, the electric tiller proves to be a women friendly farming machinery.
  • The mechanical wires for clutch, brake, throttle or reverse gear are not present in the electric tiller. Instead all the controls are electronic and require lesser hand movements during the field operations.
  • Mechanical cables/wires are replaced with electric switching through levers for braking and reversing.
  • Headlights and horn make it easy for the users to transport material to and from the fields at any time of the day.

Benchmarking:

  5 HP ICE operated tiller Electric Tiller
Width of Cut 912 mm 1100 mm
Depth of cut 84 mm 93 mm
Acoustic noise >75 dB(A) 70.1 dB(A)
Weight 84 kg 98 kg (including battery)
Vibration    
Handle L Horizontal 3.12 m/s2 0.477 m/s2
Handle L Vertical 3.34 m/s2 0.274 m/s2
Handle R Horizontal 2.85 m/s2 0.498 m/s2
Handle R Vertical 2.54 m/s2 0.265 m/s2
Energy consumption 81 kWh/ha (~ 9 l/ha of petrol)* 4.28 kWh/ha***
Emission Exhaust gases from ICE Nil
Field efficiency 82% 73 %
Weeding efficiency 97% 98 %
Speed 1.5 km/h 1.5 km/h
Area coverage 0.1 ha/h 0.11 ha/h
Weeding operational costs** Rs. 900/ha Rs. 41/ha

* 1 Litre of petrol = 9 kWh (approx.)

** Cost of petrol: Rs. 100/l; cost of electricity Rs. 8/kWh (+18% GST)

*** This data is subjected to vary, based upon the soil condition, the implement used and relevant environmental factors

 

Environmental Consideration: 
  • Low maintenance and operational cost
  • Compact design offers accessibility to remote or hilly areas
  • Multi-utility agricultural applications
  • Clean & Green alternative to conventional ICE tillers/weeders
Status of Commercialization:  Industry Partners (Licensee): M/s K.N.Biosciences India Pvt.Ltd., Bachupally Road, Industrial Area, Ameenpur, Miyapur, Hyderabad-502325, Telangana
Major Raw Materials To Be Utilized :  Transmission assembly, Structural frames and panels, electronic controls, circuit breakers, converters, lights, horn, switches, connectors, cables, SOC display, electric motor, battery pack, cells for battery stack and motor controller.
Techno Economic:  Return of Investment : Within 2-3 years
Technology Package:  Complete Manufacturing Drawings & Technology Know-how with Operation Manual, List of Bought Out Materials with Sources etc.
Content Details: 

License Fee:

  • Rs.5.0 Lakh excl.GST for Micro & Small Enterprise of MSME & Rs.10 Lakh excl.GST for Medium category MSME and Large Co. and Royalty Extra.

Potential Users/Industries:

  • User: Farmers
  • Industries: Tiller and Weeder Manufacturing OEM & MSME companies.
Level/Scale of Development:  Prototype developed at actual scale and demonstrated in actual field environment at multiple occasions 80% indigenous (Motor controller & LiFePO4 Cells are imported)

TRL: